Isakhiwo se-screw sichaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ubungakanani bezi ziphumo. Izikrufu zesikrufu esiqhelekileyo sokubumba zibandakanya-uhlobo, umqobo{2}}uhlobo, kunye nokuqukuqela{3}}izikrufu zokuphambukisa eziyilelwe ukuphucula umgangatho wokwenza iplastiki. Umgqomo ngokuyimfuneko ngumbhobho ojikelezayo kunye nechweba lokukhupha phakathi. Ngethuba lenkqubo yeplastiki, amandla okuqhuba ukuhamba phambili kunye nokuxubana kuvela ekujikelezeni kwe-screw kunye ne-barrel.
Ngokusekelwe kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeplastiki kwi-screw channel, i-screw ngokubanzi ihlukaniswe ngamacandelo amathathu: icandelo lokuhambisa eliqinileyo (elikwabizwa ngokuba licandelo lokutya), icandelo lokunyibilika (elikwabizwa ngokuba licandelo loxinzelelo), kunye necandelo le-homogenization (ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-metering section).
(1) Imigaqo eSisiseko yePlasticizing Molding
Iplastiki iqhubela phambili ngokuqhubekayo ngesenzo sokuhambisa isikrufu esijikelezayo. Ngeli xesha le ntshukumo, iplastiki ifumana iziphumo ezidityanisiweyo zokufudumeza umphanda, ubushushu be-screw frictional, kunye nobushushu be-shear, ukuthambisa ngokuthe ngcembe kwaye ekugqibeleni kunyibilike (oko kukuthi, kwimeko yokuqukuqela kwe-viscous enyibilikisiweyo). Inyibilika ityhalelwa kwintloko ye-screw kwaye igcinwe kwindawo engaphambili kwi-barrel (oko kukuthi, indawo yokugcina) ngesikrufu esijikelezayo. Ukunyibilika kwindawo yokugcina kunoxinzelelo oluthile, olusebenza kwi-screw, ukuyibuyisela ngasemva. Ingaba isikrufu sinokuhlehla kunye nesantya esibuya ngaso sixhomekeke kubukhulu beendlela ezahlukeneyo zokuxhathisa ekufuneka zisoyise (ezifana nokuxhathisa i-frictional, ukuxhathisa kokubuyela umva kweoli esebenzayo kwi-cylinder yokutofa, oko kukuthi, uxinzelelo lwangasemva lwesilinda yesitofu, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-screw back pressure, njl. njl.). Ngenxa yokuba isikrufu sokutofa sinentshukumo ebuyela ngasemva ngelixa ijikeleza, inkqubo yokwenza iplastiki iba nzima ngakumbi. Okwangoku, akukho theory eqolileyo yokuchaza le nkqubo, kwaye uninzi loyilo lwezakhiwo lusekelwe kumava.
(2) Isigama seSikruru esiSisiseko kunye neMisebenzi eNxulumeneyo
Icandelo lokutyisa: Icandelo lokuxheshisela linendawo yokuxheshisela (ekwaziwa njengendawo yokupholisa), indawo eqinileyo yokuhambisa, kunye nendawo yokutshintsha. Umsebenzi wayo ophambili kukubumba kunye nokuhambisa iplastiki. Inkqubo yokusebenza yeli candelo ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: Emva kokuba iplastiki ingena kwi-screw kwi-hopper yokutya, ihanjiswa kwaye ihlanganiswe phambili yi-friction phakathi kodonga lwangaphakathi lombhobho kunye ne-screw surface phantsi kwesenzo se-screw ejikelezayo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, iplastiki ihanjiswa phambili kwindawo eqinileyo kwicandelo lokutya.
Ngokutsho kokuqwalaselwa kovavanyo, ngokuqhelekileyo kufuphi nesiphelo secandelo lokutya, ngenxa yokushisa okunamandla okukhukhulayo, iplastiki edibene nodonga lwangaphakathi lombhobho ifikelele kwiqondo lokushisa lokuhamba kwe-viscous kwaye iqala ukunyibilika, okubangela ummandla wenguqu.
(3) ICandelo loKunyanzeliswa
Umsebenzi weli candelo kukuqhubela phambili ukudibanisa kunye neplastiki yeplastiki, ukunyanzela umoya ojikeleze iplastiki ubuyele kwi-port yokutya ukuze ukhuphe, kunye nokuphucula ukuhanjiswa kwe-thermal yeplastiki. Ijelo lokujija kweli candelo kufuneka libe luhlobo loxinzelelo. Inkqubo yokusebenza ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: Xa iplastiki ingena kwicandelo lokunyibilika ukusuka kwicandelo lokutyisa, njengoko iplastiki iqhubeka igqithiselwa phambili, kwaye ngenxa yokutshatyalaliswa ngokuthe ngcembe kwe-screw groove, kunye nefuthe lokuthintela isikrini sokucoca, i-diverter plate, kunye nentloko yokufa, iplastiki ngokuthe ngcembe yenza uxinzelelo oluphezulu kwaye ihlanganiswe ngakumbi. Ngaxeshanye, izinto eziphathekayo ziphantsi kokufudumala kwangaphandle kwi-barrel kunye nokuvuselela okukhulu, ukuxuba, kunye nokucheba phakathi kwe-screw kunye ne-barrel, ebangela ukuba ubushushu beplastiki buhlale buphakama. Isixa seplastiki etyhidiweyo (esibizwa ngokuba sisigaba solwelo okanye ichibi elityhidiweyo) siyanyuka ngokuqhubekayo, ngelixa isixa seplastiki eqinileyo enganyibilikiyo (ebizwa ngokuba sisigaba esiqinileyo okanye ibhedi eqinileyo) sihlala sihla. Ekupheleni kwecandelo lokunyibilika, yonke okanye ininzi yeplastiki iyancibilika kwaye iguqule ibe yi-viscous flow flow.
