Ukubumba iplastiki bubuchwephesha bobunjineli obubandakanya iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zokuguqula iiplastiki zibe yimveliso yeplastiki. Ngethuba lolu tshintsho, enye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi zilandelayo zivame ukwenzeka: utshintsho kwi-polymer rheology kunye neempawu zomzimba kunye neekhemikhali.
Ukubunjwa koxinzelelo
Isixhobo esiphambili sokubumba i-compress yi-press kunye ne-mold. Olona cinezelo luxhaphakileyo lushicilelo -loluqulathe ucinezelo lwehydraulic, olusuka kwiitoni ukusuka kumashumi ukuya kumakhulu eetoni. Kukho ucinezelo{3}loxinzelelo olusezantsi kunye{4}}noxinzelelo oluphezulu. Umngundo osetyenziselwa ukubumba ucinezelo ubizwa ngokuba yi-compression mold, eyahlulahlulwe yaziindidi ezintathu: ukungunda okuphuphumayo, isiqingatha-ukubumba okuphuphumayo, kunye{7}}nokungaphumi kokungunda. Iinzuzo eziphambili zokubunjwa koxinzelelo kukuba inokubumba iimveliso ezinomgangatho omkhulu osicaba kwaye inokuvelisa ngobuninzi. Ukungalungi kwayo yimijikelezo emide yemveliso kunye nokusebenza okuphantsi.
Isitofu sokubumba
Ukubumba i-lamination ngokuqhelekileyo kusebenzisa i-lamination press. Olu hlobo loshicilelo luneepleyiti ezininzi ezidadayo ezishushu ezidadayo phakathi kweepleyiti zoxinzelelo ezihambayo nezimileyo. Izinto ezisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo zokuqinisa ekubumbeni i-lamination ziquka ilaphu lomqhaphu, ilaphu leglasi, iphepha, kunye nelaphu leasbestos. IiResins ziquka i-phenolic resins, i-epoxy resins, i-polyester engaxutywanga, kunye ne-thermoplastic resins ezithile. Isitofu sokubunjwa, ukubumba ukuvuthela, ukubumba ukuvuthela, ukugquma kwefilimu, ukugubungela okushushu okunyibilikayo, ukutshiza kwebhedi, ukutshiza idangatye, ukutshiza nge-electrostatic, ukutshiza ngeplasma.
Extrusion Molding
I-Extrusion molding, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-extrusion molding okanye i-extrusion, yindlela yokwenza izinto ngokuqhubekayo ngokufa kwimeko equkuqelayo ngokufudumeza kunye nokucinezela kwi-extruder. I-Extrusion isetyenziselwa ukubumba i-thermoplastics, kodwa ingasetyenziselwa ezinye iiplastiki ze-thermosetting. Iimveliso ezongeziweyo ziiprofayili eziqhubekayo, ezinjengemibhobho, iintonga, iifilaments, iifilimu, kunye nocingo kunye nentambo yokucheba. Ukongeza, ingasetyenziselwa ukuxuba iplastiki, iplasticizing granulation, imibala kunye nokudibanisa. Umatshini wokubumba we-extrusion unezixhobo zokukhupha, indlela yokuhambisa, kunye nenkqubo yokufudumeza kunye nokupholisa. I-Extruders iza kwiindidi ezimbini: uhlobo lwe-screw (i-screw enye kunye ne-multi- screw) kunye nodidi lwe-plunger. Eyokuqala yinkqubo eqhubekayo yokukhupha, ngelixa i-intermittent. Ulwakhiwo olusisiseko lwesinye{8}}isikrufu esikhuphayo ikakhulu sibandakanya isixhobo sothumelo, isixhobo sokutyisa, umphanda, isikrufu, intloko yokufa, kunye nokufa. Izixhobo ezincedisayo ze-extruders ziwela kwiindidi ezintathu eziphambili: izixhobo zokulungiswa kwangaphambili (ezifana nokuhanjiswa kwezinto kunye nokomisa), izixhobo zokulungisa i-extrudate (ukubunjwa, ukupholisa, ukutsala, ukusika, okanye ukuqengqeleka), kunye nezixhobo zokulawula imeko yemveliso.
Ukubumba i-pultrusion
I-Pultrusion yenye yeendlela zokubumba ifayibha ye-thermosetting{0}}iplastiki eyomeleziweyo. Isetyenziselwa ukuvelisa iinkangeleko ezinomnqamlezo osisigxina{2}}imilo yecandelo kunye nobude obungenamda. Inkqubo yokubumba ibandakanya ukuzoba iintsinga eziqhubekayo ezifakwe kwi-resin ngefa elitshisayo, kwaye emva koko unyange intlaka kwigumbi lokufudumeza ukuvelisa i-unidirectional ephezulu{4}}amandla aqhubekayo omeleziweyo weprofayili yeplastiki.
Iiresin ezisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo zokubumba i-pultrusion ziquka i-polyester engaxutywanga, i-epoxy, kunye ne-silicone. Iresin yepolyester engafakwanga yeyona isetyenziswa kakhulu. Umatshini wokubumba we-pultrusion udla ngokuba nesixhobo solungiselelo lwefayibha, itanki yeresin, isixhobo sokwenza kwangaphambili, isixhobo sokufa kunye nokufudumeza, isixhobo sokutsala, kunye nezixhobo zokusika.
